Hub motor

ABSTRACT

A hub motor is provided with a simplified structure to make an automobile more cost effective. The hub motor includes a center shaft, a brake disc fixedly connected with the center shaft, a coil support sleeved on the center shaft, and a motor controller. The coil support advantageously includes first and second coil supports that include first and second vents, respectively.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a national phase entry of, and claims priority to,International Application No. PCT/CN2017/089118, filed Jun. 20, 2017which claims priority to each of: Chinese Patent Application No.201610561312.9, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on Jul. 15, 2016,and entitled “MOTOR AND BRAKE DISC THEREOF”; Chinese Patent ApplicationNo. 201610562321.X, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on Jul. 15,2016, and entitled “HUB MOTOR”; and Chinese Patent Application No.201610561314.8, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on Jul. 15, 2016,and entitled “AUTOMOBILE HAVING DISC TYPE HUB MOTOR”, each of which areincorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to the technical field of electricautomobiles, and in particular, to brake system components of suchautomobiles.

BACKGROUND

A hub motor technology, which is also known as an in-wheel motortechnology, mainly features that a power unit, a transmission device,and a brake device are all integrated into a hub, so that the mechanicalpart of an electric vehicle is greatly simplified.

A brake disc is a very important component of a brake system. Theexisting brake disc must cooperate with a brake caliper to implementbraking, that is, braking can be implemented by mechanical componentsonly, and the braking mode is single.

The existing hub motor has a complicated structure, requires separatedesign of the hub, and has a complicated mechanical connectionstructure. It is necessary to change the disc brake structure of theoriginal vehicle. Due to the complicated structure and large weight ofthe integral components of the existing hub motor, the rotationalinertia of the hub is increased, which affects the handling stability ofthe vehicle.

Therefore, how to provide a brake disc and related system components toincrease the braking mode is a technical problem needing to be solved.

SUMMARY

An object of the present invention is to provide a brake disc, whichincreases the braking mode. The present invention further provides amotor having the brake disc. The present invention provides a hub motor;the structure of the hub motor is simplified, to improve the handlingstability of an automobile. The present invention provides anautomobile, which has a simple hub motor structure and light weight; thehandling stability of the automobile can be improved.

To achieve the above purpose, embodiments of the present inventionprovide the following technical solutions: A brake disc is provided,including a brake disc body, where an end face of the brake disc body isprovided with through holes, and magnets having a magnetizationdirection parallel to the axis of the brake disc body are provided inthe through holes; the brake disc further includes coils opposite to themagnets; and the coils are able to rotate the brake disc body afterbeing charged.

In one aspect, the through holes are plural in number.

In another aspect, all the through holes are evenly arranged along thecircumferential direction of the brake disc body.

In a further aspect, the through holes are circular through holes, andthe magnets are cylindrical magnets matching the through holes.

In some embodiments, the magnets are permanent magnets.

In yet another aspect, the coils include first coils and second coilsdistributed at two sides of the brake disc body.

In one aspect, a side surface of the brake disc body is provided withvents.

In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, a motoris provided, including a brake disc, where the brake disc is the brakedisc according to the description above.

In another embodiment of the present invention, a hub motor is provided,including: a center shaft; a brake disc fixedly connected with thecenter shaft, an end face of the brake disc being provided with throughholes, and magnets having a magnetization direction parallel to the axisof the brake disc being provided in the through holes; and a coilsupport sleeved on the center shaft and capable of rotating with respectto the center shaft, the coil support being provided with coils oppositeto the magnets, and the coils being able to rotate the brake disc afterbeing charged.

In one aspect, the coil support includes a first coil support and asecond coil support respectively disposed at two sides of the brakedisc; the first coil support and the second coil support are bothsleeved on the center shaft; the first coil support and the second coilsupport are both provided with the coils.

In another aspect, the first coil support and the second coil supportare both ring-shaped housings; the sides of the ring-shaped housingsclose to the brake disc are both provided with openings; the coils areprovided at the openings of the ring-shaped housings and opposite to themagnets.

In a further aspect, the first coil support and the second coil supportare fixedly connected by screws.

In yet another aspect, the circumferential surface of the brake disc isprovided with first vents; the first coil support and the second coilsupport are connected and second vents are formed on the circumferentialsurfaces thereof; and the central angle between two adjacent secondvents is an integral multiple of the central angle between two adjacentfirst vents.

Moreover, the ring-shaped housings are both provided in some embodimentswith receding grooves for mounting brake calipers.

In one aspect, the ring-shaped housings are both provided with 5/6circular rings, and gaps formed by the ring-shaped housings are thereceding grooves.

In a further aspect, the through holes are plural in number, and themagnets have one-to-one correspondence to the through holes.

In another aspect, all the through holes are evenly arranged along thecircumferential direction of the brake disc.

In yet another aspect, the through holes are circular through holes, andthe magnets are cylindrical permanent magnets matching the throughholes.

In another embodiment according to the present invention, an automobilehaving a disc type hub motor is provided, including: a wheel; a hubmotor including: a center shaft, the center shaft being connected withthe wheel; a brake disc fixedly connected with the center shaft, an endface of the brake disc being provided with through holes, and magnetshaving a magnetization direction parallel to the axis of the brake discbeing provided in the through holes; and a coil support sleeved on thecenter shaft and capable of rotating with respect to the center shaft,the coil support being provided with coils opposite to the magnets, andthe coils being able to rotate the brake disc after being charged; asteering knuckle with an end face being connected with the coil support;a suspension connected with the other end face of the steering knuckle;a transmission half-shaft connected with the center shaft; and a motorcontroller configured to control the supply of alternating current tothe coils, when the coils are positively charged, the center shaftrotating positively to provide forward movement power for the wheel;when the coils are reversely charged, the center shaft braking orrotating reversely to implement braking or reverse rotation of thewheel; if no current passes through the coils in the rotation process ofthe brake disc, a power supply being charged to implement braking energyrecovery.

In one aspect, the coil support includes a first coil support and asecond coil support respectively disposed at two sides of the brakedisc; the first coil support and the second coil support are bothsleeved on the center shaft; the first coil support and the second coilsupport are both provided with the coils; the first coil support isclose to the wheel, and the second coil support is connected with thesteering knuckle.

In another aspect, the first coil support and the second coil supportare both ring-shaped housings; the sides of the ring-shaped housingsclose to the brake disc are both provided with openings; the coils areprovided at the openings of the ring-shaped housings and opposite to themagnets.

In a further aspect, the first coil support and the second coil supportare fixedly connected by screws.

In yet another aspect, the ring-shaped housings are both provided withreceding grooves for mounting brake calipers.

In one aspect, the ring-shaped housings are both provided with 5/6circular rings, and gaps formed by the ring-shaped housings are thereceding grooves.

In some embodiments, the through holes are plural in number, and areevenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the brake disc;the magnets have one-to-one correspondence to the through holes.

In another aspect, the through holes are circular through holes, and themagnets are cylindrical magnets matching the through holes.

In a further aspect, the magnets are permanent magnets.

In yet another aspect, the circumferential surface of the brake disc isprovided with first vents; the first coil support and the second coilsupport are connected and second vents are formed on the circumferentialsurfaces thereof; and the central angle between two adjacent secondvents is an integral multiple of the central angle between two adjacentfirst vents.

From the above embodiments explaining the technical solution, it can beknown that the present invention discloses a brake disc, including abrake disc body and coils; an end face of the brake disc body isprovided with through holes, and magnets having a magnetizationdirection parallel to the axis of the brake disc are provided in thethrough holes; the coils correspond to the magnets, and the coils areable to rotate the brake disc body after being charged. According to thebrake disc in the present application, the coils are able to rotate thebrake disc body after being charged, thereby implementing electricbraking or providing power, instead of merely relying on a brake caliperfor braking. Therefore, the braking mode of the brake disc is increased.From the above technical solution, it can be known that the presentinvention discloses a hub motor, including a center shaft, a brake disc,and a coil support; the brake disc is fixed on the center shaft; an endface of the brake disc is provided with through holes, and magnetshaving a magnetization direction parallel to the axis of the brake discare provided in the through holes; the coil support is provided withcoils corresponding to the magnets, and the coils are able to rotate thebrake disc after being charged. The hub motor in the present applicationhas a simple structure, can provide power and implement transmission andbraking just through a charging process, solves the problem in the priorart of complicated mechanical mechanism of the hub motor, reduces theweight of the hub motor, and improves the handling stability of theautomobile.

From the above technical solution, it can be known that the presentinvention discloses an automobile, including a wheel, a hub motor, asteering knuckle, a suspension, a transmission half-shaft, and a motorcontroller. The hub motor includes a center shaft, a brake disc, and acoil support, where the center shaft is connected with the wheel and thetransmission half-shaft; the brake disc is fixed on the center shaft; anend face of the brake disc is provided with through holes, and magnetshaving a magnetization direction parallel to the axis of the brake discare provided in the through holes; the coil support is provided withcoils corresponding to the magnets, and the coils are able to rotate thebrake disc after being charged; the steering knuckle is connected withthe coil support, and the suspension is connected with the steeringknuckle; the center shaft is connected with the transmission half-shaft.The motor controller controls the supply of alternating current to thecoils; when the coils are positively charged, the center shaft rotatespositively to provide forward movement power for the wheel; when thecoils are reversely charged, the center shaft brakes or rotatesreversely to implement braking or reverse rotation of the wheel; if nocurrent passes through the coils in the rotation process of the brakedisc, a power supply is charged to implement braking energy recovery. Inthe present application, axially arranged permanent magnets are added tothe brake disc, and the coils are provided correspondingly, so that theautomobile can be powered and braked under the action of a magneticfield. The hub motor in the present application has a simple structure,can provide power and implement transmission and braking just through acharging process, solves the problem in the prior art of complicatedmechanical structure of the hub motor, reduces the weight of the hubmotor, and improves the handling stability of the automobile.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Various additional features and advantages of the invention will becomemore apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon review of thefollowing detailed description of one or more illustrative embodimentstaken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanyingdrawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of thisspecification, illustrates one or more embodiments of the invention and,together with the general description given above and the detaileddescription given below, explains the one or more embodiments of theinvention.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a brake disc provided by one embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the brake disc of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is an exploded structural view of a part of an automobileprovided by one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a top view of the first coil support and the second coilsupport of FIG. 3 after being connected.

FIG. 5 is a left view of the first coil support and the second coilsupport of FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the brake disc of FIG. 3.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the brake disc of FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 is a front view of the second coil support of FIG. 4.

FIG. 9 is a side view of the second coil support of FIG. 8, with thescrews that are shown in FIG. 3 removed from the mounting holes and in areverse orientation from the orientation of the second coil supportshown in FIG. 3.

FIG. 10 is a front view of the first coil support of FIG. 4.

FIG. 11 is a side view of the first coil support of FIG. 10.

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the second coil support andthe steering knuckle of FIG. 3 that are connected.

FIG. 13 is a side view of a steering knuckle provided by one embodimentof the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a front view of the steering knuckle of FIG. 13.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated below with reference to theaccompanying drawings. The preferred embodiments described here are usedonly to describe and explain the present disclosure, but not to limitthe present disclosure. An object of the present invention is to providea brake disc, which increases the braking mode. Another object of thepresent invention is to provide a motor having the disc brake. Yetanother object of the present invention is to provide a hub motor; thestructure of the hub motor is simplified, so as to improve the handlingstability of an automobile. A further object of the present invention isto provide an automobile; the structure of a hub motor is simplified, soas to improve the handling stability of the automobile.

The following clearly and completely describes the technical solutionsin the embodiments of the present invention with reference to theaccompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the present invention in one embodimentdiscloses a brake disc, including a brake disc body 2 and coils 10; anend face of the brake disc body 2 is provided with through holes, andmagnets 21 having a magnetization direction parallel to the axis of thebrake disc body 2 are provided in the through holes; the coils 10proportionally correspond to the magnets 21, and the coils 10 are ableto rotate the brake disc body 2 after being powered. According to thebrake disc in the present application, the coils 10 can rotate the brakedisc body 2 after being powered, thereby implementing electromagneticdamping braking or providing power, instead of merely relying on a brakecaliper for braking. Therefore, the braking mode of the brake disc isincreased.

The through holes provided in the brake disc body 2 disclosed in thepresent application are plural in number, (for example, 15 or 21) andare evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the brakedisc body 2. The magnets 21 in the present application have one-to-onecorrespondence to the through holes, i.e., each through hole is providedtherein with a magnet 21. After the coils 10 are charged, the magnets 21on the brake disc body 2 cut the magnetic induction line under theaction of magnetic field force, to provide torque to rotate the brakedisc body 2.

The through holes disclosed in the embodiment above are circular throughholes; the corresponding magnets 21 are cylindrical magnets, and themagnets 21 are permanent magnets. A person skilled in the art canunderstand that, in practice, the shapes and sizes of the magnets 21 andthe through holes, as well as the numbers thereof, can be definedaccording to different requirements; a person skilled in the art makesno specific limitation here, and those all fall within the scope ofprotection.

In addition, the coils 10 can further be configured as excitation coils,in order to excite a stronger magnetic field. In practice, the coils 10may also be ordinary coils.

The coils 10 in the present application include first coils and secondcoils respectively disposed at two sides of the brake disc 2. The use oftwo sets of coils 10 can improve the effect of the magnetic field force,thereby improving the power support for the automobile. The number ofturns of each coil 10 disclosed in the present application may be1,000-1,500, and the wire diameter is 0.2-0.8 mm. Here, the ranges ofthe size and the number of turns of the coils 10 are provided only butcan be selected according to different requirements in practice.

A side surface of the brake disc body 2 disclosed in the presentapplication is provided with vents; the cylindrical permanent magnetsare equal to the brake disc body 2 in height, and the diameter of thecylindrical permanent magnets is less than the maximum diameter of thevents, thereby ensuring the heat dissipation uniformity and heatdissipation effect of the brake disc body 2.

In addition, the present application further discloses a motor havingthe brake disc. Therefore, the motor having the brake disc also has allthe above technical effects, which are not repeated here.

As shown in FIGS. 3-12, the present invention in another embodimentdiscloses a hub motor, including a center shaft 5, a brake disc 2, and acoil support; the brake disc 2 is fixed on the center shaft 5; an endface of the brake disc 2 is provided with through holes, and magnets 21having a magnetization direction parallel to the axis of the brake disc2 are provided in the through holes; the coil support is provided withcoils 10 corresponding to the magnets 21, and the coils 10 are able torotate the brake disc 2 after being charged. In the present application,axially arranged magnets 21 are added to the brake disc 2, and the coils10 are provided correspondingly, so that axial driving torque, brakingtorque and the like can be provided for the brake disc under the actionof a magnetic field. The hub motor in the present application has asimple structure, can provide power and implement braking just through acharging process, solves the problem in the prior art of complicatedmechanical structure of the hub motor, reduces the weight of the hubmotor, and improves the handling stability of the automobile.

A motor controller 20 controls the supply of three-phase or five-phasealternating current to the coils 10 to generate a rotating magneticfield; the axial magnetic field in the coils 10 interacts with themagnetic field of the magnets 21 on the brake disc 2 to generate torque,thereby providing power for driving the automobile. In a braking processof the automobile, no current passes through the coils 10; because themagnets 21 on the brake disc 2 continue to rotate and cut the magneticinduction line, reverse current is generated in the coils 10 to achievethe function of electromagnetic damping; the current generated in thecoils 10 charges a power supply by the motor controller 20, to achievethe purpose of braking energy recovery. During moderate-intensitybraking, reverse current is applied to the coils 10 to generate amagnetic field that rotates reversely, so as to make the brake disc 2brake; during emergency braking, brake calipers 8 are added to extrudethe brake disc 2 to implement mechanical friction braking; the frictionbraking is combined with the electromagnetic damping braking, therebyimproving the braking performance of the brake disc 2. During backing,the rotating magnetic field is controlled to rotate reversely, toimplement reverse rotation of the motor.

The coil support in the present application includes a first coilsupport 1 and a second coil support 3 respectively disposed at two sidesof the brake disc 2, and the first coil support 1 and the second coilsupport 3 are both sleeved on the center shaft 5; the first coil support1 and the second coil support 3 are both provided with the coils 10. Theuse of the two coil supports can improve the effect of the magneticfield force, thereby improving the power support for the automobile. Thenumber of turns of each coil 10 disclosed in the present application maybe 1,000-1,500, and the wire diameter is 0.2-0.8 mm. Here, the ranges ofthe size and the number of turns of the coils 10 are provided only butcan be selected according to different requirements in practice. Inaddition, only one coil support or multiple coil supports can beprovided in practice, as long as the approaches of satisfying therequirements all fall within the scope of protection.

In the hub motor disclosed in the present application, the first coilsupport 1 and the second coil support 3 are both ring-shaped housings,and the sides of the ring-shaped housings close to the brake disc 2 areboth provided with openings; the coils 10 are provided at the openingsof the ring-shaped housings and opposite to the magnets 21. The presentinvention discloses a structure of a coil support, which is specificallya circular ring-shaped housing and has a radial section that is aU-shaped structure. That is, the housing has a bottom surface, a topsurface, and a side surface connected with the top surface and thebottom surface, where both the top surface and the bottom surface arecircular surfaces, and the side surface close to the brake disc 2 is anopening structure and has no surface; the coils 10 are mounted betweenthe top surface and the bottom surface, and are arranged correspondingto the magnets 21. In addition, the coil support may also be configuredas a simple support structure, as long as it can implement the mountingof the coils. The first coil support 1 and the second coil support 3disclosed in the present application are both sleeved on the centershaft 5; in the rotation process of the center shaft 5, the first coilsupport 1 and the second coil support 3 do not rotate along with thecenter shaft.

The first coil support 1 and the second coil support 3 in the presentapplication are connected together by screws (shown extending from andengaging with the second coil support 3 in FIG. 3, for example), inorder to improve the stability of the first coil support 1 and thesecond coil support 3. Specifically, the first coil support 1 isprovided with threaded mounting holes 11, and the second coil support 3is provided with mounting holes 31. Mounting clearances between thecenter shaft 5 and the first coil support 1 as well as the second coilsupport 3 can be set according to different requirements, and both fallwithin the scope of protection, as long as the stable rotation of thecenter shaft can be ensured. In addition, during mounting of the firstcoil support 1 and the second coil support 3, the brake disc 2 islocated between the first coil support 1 and the second coil support 3,and the brake disc 2 is fixedly connected with the center shaft 5, i.e.,it rotates along with the center shaft 5. Specifically, the center shaft5 is connected with the brake disc 2 by a fixing bolt. Therefore, toavoid the impact caused by the coil support on the brake disc 2, it isnecessary to provide outer edge clearances of 1.0-2.0 mm between thebrake disc 2 and the first coil support 1 as well as the second coilsupport 3.

In a still further embodiment, the circumferential surface of the brakedisc 2 is provided with first vents; the first coil support and thesecond coil support are connected and second vents are formed on thecircumferential surfaces thereof; specifically, the first coil support 1is provided with second left half vents 12, the second coil support 3 isprovided with second right half vents 32, and the second left half vents12 and the second right half vents 32 constitute the second vents.Specifically, the central angle between two adjacent second vents is anintegral multiple of the central angle between two adjacent first vents.Specifically, the number of the second vents is six, the number of thethreaded mounting holes 11 is four, and the second vents and thethreaded mounting holes are arranged alternately. The cylindricalpermanent magnets are equal to the brake disc 2 in height, and thediameter of the cylindrical permanent magnets is less than the maximumdiameter of the first vents, thereby ensuring the heat dissipationuniformity and heat dissipation effect of the brake disc 2.

In a further embodiment, to improve the braking effect of the brake disc2, the brake disc further includes brake calipers 8. The specificstructure and mounting mode of the brake calipers 8 are the same asthose in the prior art. However, the two sides of the brake disc 2 inthe present application are both provided with coil supports, to providemounting spaces for the brake calipers 8; the ring-shaped housingsdisclosed in the present application are further provided with recedinggrooves for mounting the brake calipers 8, so as to ensure the normalmounting and use of the brake calipers 8. In view of the descriptionabove, based on the original structure, it can form axial through holesin the brake disc 2 only, provide magnets 21 in the through holes, andadd the first coil support 1 and the second coil support 3correspondingly. Therefore, the shapes of the first coil support 1 andthe second coil support 3 need to be set according to the space of theexisting structure. With the above settings, the chassis and suspensionstructures of the original vehicle can be unchanged, and changes in theexisting structures of the automobile are reduced.

In a specific embodiment, the first coil support 1 and the second coilsupport 3 are both 5/6 circular ring-shaped housing structures, and gapsformed by the ring-shaped housings are the receding grooves. The sizesof the first coil support 1 and the second coil support 3 can be setaccording to different requirements, and both fall within the scope ofprotection.

The through holes provided in the brake disc 2 disclosed in the presentapplication are plural in number, (preferably 15 to 30) and are evenlyarranged along the circumferential direction of the brake disc 2. Themagnets 21 in the present application have one-to-one correspondence tothe through holes, i.e., each through hole is provided therein with amagnet 21. In addition, because the first coil support 1 and the secondcoil support 3 are ring-shaped structures having gaps, but the setdistances between adjacent coils 10 are also the same, that is, thesecoils 10 are also evenly arranged on the corresponding coil support.After the coils 10 are charged, the magnets 21 cut the magneticinduction line under the action of magnetic field force, to providepower to rotate the brake disc 2.

The through holes disclosed in the embodiment above are circular throughholes; the corresponding magnets 21 are cylindrical magnets, and themagnets 21 are permanent magnets. A person skilled in the art canunderstand that, in practice, the shapes and sizes of the magnets 21 andthe through holes, as well as the numbers thereof, can be definedaccording to different requirements, and excitation coils can also beadded to excite a stronger magnetic field. A person skilled in the artmakes no specific limitation here, but those all fall within the scopeof protection.

As shown in FIGS. 3-14, the present invention in yet another embodimentdiscloses an automobile, including a wheel 9, a hub motor, a steeringknuckle 4, a suspension 6, a transmission half-shaft 7, and a motorcontroller 20. The hub motor includes a center shaft 5, a brake disc 2,and a coil support, where the center shaft 5 is connected with the wheel9; the brake disc 2 is fixed on the center shaft 5; an end face of thebrake disc 2 is provided with through holes, and magnets 21 having amagnetization direction parallel to the axis of the brake disc 2 areprovided in the through holes; the coil support is provided with coils10 corresponding to the magnets 21, and the coils 10 are able to rotatethe brake disc 2 after being charged; the steering knuckle 4 isconnected with the coil support, and the suspension 6 is connected withthe steering knuckle 4; the center shaft 5 is connected with thetransmission half-shaft 7. The motor controller 20 controls the supplyof alternating current to the coils 10; when the coils 10 are positivelycharged, the center shaft 5 rotates positively to provide forwardmovement power for the wheel 9; when the coils 10 are reversely charged,the center shaft 5 brakes or rotates reversely to implement braking orreverse rotation of the wheel 9; if no current passes through the coils10 in the rotation process of the brake disc 2, a power supply ischarged to implement braking energy recovery. In the presentapplication, axially arranged magnets 21 are added to the brake disc 2,and the coils 10 are provided correspondingly, so that the automobilecan powered and braked under the action of a magnetic field. The hubmotor in the present application has a simple structure, can providepower and implement transmission and braking just through a chargingprocess, solves the problem in the prior art of complicated mechanicalstructure of the hub motor, reduces the weight of the hub motor, andimproves the handling stability of the automobile.

Specifically, the motor controller 20 controls the voltage and currentin the coils 10. In a forward movement process of an electricautomobile, the motor controller 20 controls the supply of three-phaseor five-phase alternating current to the coils 10 to generate a rotatingmagnetic field; the axial magnetic field in the coils 10 interacts withthe magnetic field of the magnets 21 on the brake disc 2 to generatetorque, thereby providing power for driving the automobile. In a brakingprocess of the automobile, no current passes through the coils 10;because the magnets 21 on the brake disc 2 continue to rotate and cutthe magnetic induction line, reverse current is generated in the coils10 to achieve the function of electromagnetic damping; the currentgenerated in the coils 10 charges a power supply by the motor controller20, to achieve the purpose of braking energy recovery. Duringmoderate-intensity braking, reverse current is applied to the coils 10to generate a magnetic field that rotates reversely, so as to make thebrake disc 2 brake; during emergency braking, brake calipers 8 are addedto extrude the brake disc 2 to implement mechanical friction braking;the friction braking is combined with the electromagnetic dampingbraking, thereby improving the braking performance of the brake disc 2.During backing, the rotating magnetic field is controlled to rotatereversely, so as to implement reverse rotation of the motor.

The coil support in the present application includes a first coilsupport 1 and a second coil support 3 respectively disposed at two sidesof the brake disc 2, and the first coil support 1 and the second coilsupport 3 are both sleeved on the center shaft 5; the first coil support1 is close to the wheel 9, and the second coil support 3 is connectedwith the steering knuckle 4; the first coil support 1 and the secondcoil support 3 are both provided with the coils 10. The use of the twocoil supports can improve the effect of the magnetic field force,thereby improving the power support for the automobile. The number ofturns of each coil 10 disclosed in the present application may be1,000-1,500, and the wire diameter is 0.2-0.8 mm. Here, the ranges ofthe size and the number of turns of the coils 10 are provided only butcan be selected according to different requirements in practice. Inaddition, only one coil support or multiple coil supports can beprovided in practice, as long as the approaches of satisfying therequirements all fall within the scope of protection.

In the automobile disclosed in the present application, the first coilsupport 1 and the second coil support 3 are both ring-shaped housings,and the sides of the ring-shaped housings close to the brake disc 2 areboth provided with openings; the coils 10 are provided at the openingsof the ring-shaped housings and opposite to the magnets 21. The presentinvention discloses a structure of a coil support, which is specificallya circular ring-shaped housing and has a radial section that is aU-shaped structure. That is, the housing has a bottom surface, a topsurface, and a side surface connected with the top surface and thebottom surface, where both the top surface and the bottom surface arecircular surfaces, and the side surface close to the brake disc 2 is anopening structure and has no surface; the coils 10 are mounted betweenthe top surface and the bottom surface, and are arranged correspondingto the magnets 21. In addition, the coil support may also be configuredas a simple support structure, as long as it can implement the mountingof the coils. The first coil support 1 and the second coil support 3disclosed in the present application are both sleeved on the centershaft 5; in the rotation process of the center shaft 5, the first coilsupport 1 and the second coil support 3 do not rotate along with thecenter shaft, where the second coil support 3 is connected with thesteering knuckle 4, specifically, the connection can be implemented by afixing bolt.

The first coil support 1 and the second coil support 3 in the presentapplication are connected together by screws, in order to improve thestability of the first coil support 1 and the second coil support 3.Specifically, the first coil support 1 is provided with threadedmounting holes 11, and the second coil support 3 is provided withmounting holes 31. The second coil support 3 is fixedly connected withthe steering knuckle 4, so that the first coil support 1 and the secondcoil support 3 are both stationary, while the center shaft 5 isrotatable. Mounting clearances between the center shaft 5 and the firstcoil support 1 as well as the second coil support 3 can be set accordingto different requirements, and both fall within the scope of protection,as long as the stable rotation of the center shaft can be ensured. Inaddition, during mounting of the first coil support 1 and the secondcoil support 3, the brake disc 2 is located between the first coilsupport 1 and the second coil support 3, and the brake disc 2 is fixedlyconnected with the center shaft 5, i.e., it rotates along with thecenter shaft 5. Specifically, the center shaft 5 is connected with thebrake disc 2 by a fixing bolt. Therefore, to avoid the impact caused bythe coil support on the brake disc 2, it is necessary to provideclearances of 1.0-2.0 mm between the brake disc 2 and the first coilsupport 1 as well as the second coil support 3.

In a further embodiment, to improve the braking effect of the brake disc2, the brake disc further includes brake calipers 8. The specificstructure and mounting mode of the brake calipers 8 are the same asthose in the prior art. However, the two sides of the brake disc 2 inthe present application are both provided with coil supports, in orderto provide mounting spaces for the brake calipers 8; the ring-shapedhousings disclosed in the present application are further provided withreceding grooves for mounting the brake calipers 8, so as to ensure thenormal mounting and use of the brake calipers 8. In view of thedescription above, based on the original structure, it can form axialthrough holes in the brake disc 2 only, provide magnets 21 in thethrough holes, and add the first coil support 1 and the second coilsupport 3 correspondingly. Therefore, the shapes of the first coilsupport 1 and the second coil support 3 need to be set according to thespace of the existing structure. With the above settings, changes in theexisting structures of the automobile are reduced.

In a specific embodiment, the first coil support 1 and the second coilsupport 3 are both 5/6 circular ring-shaped housing structures, and gapsformed by the ring-shaped housings are the receding grooves. The sizesof the first coil support 1 and the second coil support 3 can be setaccording to different requirements, and both fall within the scope ofprotection.

The through holes provided in the brake disc 2 disclosed in the presentapplication are plural in number, (for example, 15 or 21) and are evenlyarranged along the circumferential direction of the brake disc 2. Themagnets 21 in the present application have one-to-one correspondence tothe through holes, i.e., each through hole is provided therein with amagnet 21. In addition, because the first coil support 1 and the secondcoil support 3 are ring-shaped structures having gaps, but the setdistances between adjacent coils 10 are also the same, that is, thesecoils 10 are also evenly arranged on the corresponding coil support.After the coils 10 are charged, the magnets 21 cut the magneticinduction line under the action of magnetic field force, to providepower to rotate the brake disc 2.

The through holes disclosed in the embodiment above are circular throughholes; the corresponding magnets 21 are cylindrical magnets, and themagnets 21 are permanent magnets. A person skilled in the art canunderstand that, in practice, the shapes and sizes of the magnets 21 andthe through holes, as well as the numbers thereof, can be definedaccording to different requirements, and excitation coils can also beadded to excite a stronger magnetic field. A person skilled in the artmakes no specific limitation here, but those all fall within the scopeof protection.

In a still further embodiment, the circumferential surface of the brakedisc 2 is provided with first vents; the first coil support and thesecond coil support are connected and second vents are formed on thecircumferential surfaces thereof; specifically, the first coil support 1is provided with second left half vents 12, the second coil support 3 isprovided with second right half vents 32, and the second left half vents12 and the second right half vents 32 constitute the second vents.Specifically, the central angle between two adjacent second vents is anintegral multiple of the central angle between two adjacent first vents.Specifically, the number of the second vents is six, the number of thethreaded mounting holes 11 is four, and the second vents and thethreaded mounting holes are arranged alternately. The cylindricalpermanent magnets are equal to the brake disc 2 in height, and thediameter of the cylindrical permanent magnets is less than the maximumdiameter of the first vents, thereby ensuring the heat dissipationuniformity and heat dissipation effect of the brake disc 2.

The above automobile can modify or add components of the prototypevehicle, to implement pure electric drive or to combine electric driveand engine drive to form a hybrid electric vehicle. The hub motor canimplement electromagnetic damping braking and braking energy recovery ofa vehicle and can implement united braking of the electromagneticdamping braking and mechanical friction braking.

The above automobile can modify or add two of the hub motors toimplement front two-wheel drive or rear two-wheel drive and can modifyor add four of the hub motors to implement full-time four-wheel drive ofthe vehicle, which can also be switched to the front two-wheel drive orrear two-wheel drive.

Each embodiment of the present specification is described in aprogressive manner, each embodiment focuses on the difference from otherembodiments, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments mayrefer to each other.

The embodiments described above are only descriptions of preferredembodiments of the present invention, and do not intended to limit thescope of the present invention. Various variations and modifications canbe made to the technical solution of the present invention by those ofordinary skills in the art, without departing from the design and spiritof the present invention. The variations and modifications should allfall within the claimed scope defined by the claims of the presentinvention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A hub motor, comprising: a center shaft; a brakedisc fixedly connected with the center shaft, an end face of the brakedisc being provided with through holes, and magnets having amagnetization direction parallel to an axis of the brake disc beingprovided in the through holes; a coil support sleeved on the centershaft and capable of rotating with respect to the center shaft, the coilsupport being provided with coils opposite to the magnets, the coilsbeing able to rotate the brake disc after being charged, and the magnetsare cylindrical permanent magnets matching the through holes; a motorcontroller controls a supply of three-phase or five-phase alternatingcurrent to the coils to generate a rotating magnetic field; an axialmagnetic field in the coils interacts with a magnetic field of themagnets on the brake disc to generate torque, thereby providing powerfor driving an automobile; in a braking process of the automobile, nocurrent passes through the coils; because the magnets on the brake disccontinue to rotate and cut the magnetic induction line, reverse currentis generated in the coils to achieve the function of electromagneticdamping; the current generated in the coils charges a power supply bythe motor controller, to achieve the purpose of braking energy recovery;during moderate-intensity braking, reverse current is applied to thecoils to generate a magnetic field that rotates reversely, so as to makethe brake disc brake; during emergency braking, brake calipers are addedto extrude the brake disc to implement mechanical friction braking; thefriction braking is combined with the electromagnetic damping braking,thereby improving a braking performance of the brake disc; duringbacking, the rotating magnetic field is controlled to rotate reversely,so as to implement reverse rotation of the motor; the coil supportcomprises a first coil support and a second coil support respectivelydisposed at two sides of the brake disc; the first coil support and thesecond coil support are both sleeved on the center shaft; the first coilsupport and the second coil support are both provided with the coils;and a circumferential surface of the brake disc is provided with firstvents, the first coil support and the second coil support are connectedand second vents are formed on circumferential surfaces thereof, and acentral angle between two adjacent second vents is an integral multipleof a central angle between two adjacent first vents; and a diameter ofthe cylindrical permanent magnets is less than a maximum diameter of thefirst vents.
 2. The hub motor according to claim 1, wherein the firstcoil support and the second coil support are both ring-shaped housings;the sides of the ring-shaped housings close to the brake disc are bothprovided with openings; the coils are provided at the openings of thering-shaped housings and opposite to the magnets.
 3. The hub motoraccording to claim 2, wherein the first coil support and the second coilsupport are fixedly connected by screws.
 4. The hub motor according toclaim 3, wherein the through holes are plural in number, and the magnetshave one-to-one correspondence to the through holes.
 5. The hub motoraccording to claim 4, wherein all the through holes are evenly arrangedalong the circumferential direction of the brake disc.
 6. The hub motoraccording to claim 4, wherein the through holes are circular throughholes.
 7. The hub motor according to claim 2, wherein the ring-shapedhousings are both provided with receding grooves for mounting brakecalipers.
 8. The hub motor according to claim 7, wherein the ring-shapedhousings are both provided with 5/6 circular rings, and gaps formed bythe ring-shaped housings are the receding grooves.
 9. The hub motoraccording to claim 8, wherein the through holes are plural in number,and the magnets have one-to-one correspondence to the through holes. 10.The hub motor according to claim 9, wherein all the through holes areevenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the brake disc.11. The hub motor according to claim 9, wherein the through holes arecircular through holes.
 12. The hub motor according to claim 7, whereinthe through holes are plural in number, and the magnets have one-to-onecorrespondence to the through holes.
 13. The hub motor according toclaim 12, wherein all the through holes are evenly arranged along thecircumferential direction of the brake disc.
 14. The hub motor accordingto claim 12, wherein the through holes are circular through holes. 15.The hub motor according to claim 2, wherein the through holes are pluralin number, and the magnets have one-to-one correspondence to the throughholes.
 16. The hub motor according to claim 15, wherein all the throughholes are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of thebrake disc.
 17. The hub motor according to claim 15, wherein the throughholes are circular through holes.
 18. The hub motor according to claim1, wherein the through holes are plural in number, and the magnets haveone-to-one correspondence to the through holes.
 19. The hub motoraccording to claim 18, wherein all the through holes are evenly arrangedalong the circumferential direction of the brake disc.
 20. The hub motoraccording to claim 18, wherein the through holes are circular throughholes.